Science & Conservation
Educational resources to help you understand monarch butterflies and create effective habitat.
The monarch butterfly is one of the most recognizable and beloved butterflies in the world, known for its striking orange and black wings.
Monarchs undergo complete metamorphosis: egg, caterpillar (larva), chrysalis (pupa), and adult butterfly.
Monarch caterpillars depend exclusively on milkweed plants. Without milkweed, monarchs cannot complete their life cycle.
Each fall, millions of monarchs travel thousands of miles from the U.S. and Canada to overwintering grounds in Mexico and California.
You can help by planting native milkweed and nectar-producing flowers in gardens, parks, and community spaces.
Plant recommendations vary by geographic region. Always choose native species appropriate for your area — do not plant one universal milkweed species everywhere.
Avoid pesticides and herbicides in your garden. Choose organic methods to protect pollinators and their habitat.
Keep your garden healthy with regular watering, mulching, and seasonal care. Remove invasive species that can crowd out native plants.
Plant recommendations must take geographic region into account. Consult authoritative conservation sources for guidance specific to your area.